Requirements Ubuntu 14.04 +, mono-devel installed
sudo apt-get mono-devel
First make sure you have monodevelop build dependencies installed. This is missing from the official instructions and will keep you from hunting down all required build packages.
sudo apt-get build-dep monodevelop
Next follow the instructions found at https://github.com/mono/monodevelop/tree/master but use config options like below to avoid overwritting the default monodevelop packages with ubuntu.
git submodule update --init --recursive
export EnableNuGetPackageRestore=true ;
./configure --prefix=/opt/majorsilence/monodevelop --profile=stable ; make
make run
See http://www.webupd8.org/2010/01/how-to-create-deb-package-ubuntu-debian.html